*Any and all information (e.g., idea, statement, fact, figure, etc.) that comes from a
source must be appropriately cited within the content of your paper and referenced in
either APA or MLA formatting.
Position Paper Instructions
You will write a 4-6 page formal position paper on the issue examined in the Taking
Sides text. Your position must be informed by the “Yes” and “No” sides of this issue
presented in this text, without additional outside references.
The content of your paper will include the following (see the grading rubric for more
detail):

  1. An overall introduction to the issue/question with consideration of the audience,
    purpose, and circumstances of this paper. Your audience is unfamiliar with this
    topic, so it is important to define terms and explain new ideas. Also, engage your
    reader’s interest (e.g., an interesting fact or statistic) and be sure to describe both
    the “yes” and “no” sides of the issue/question.
  2. Your position on the issue. What is your position? Give a detailed description of
    at least two main points from the Points/Counterpoints part of the Taking Sides
    reading and explain the author’s reasoning why they are arguing for those ideas.
    Be sure to use quotes and cite ideas from the Taking Sides reading to support your
    position.
  3. The opposing position of the issue. What does the other side say? What are the
    objections to your position? Give a detailed description of at least two main points
    from the Points/Counterpoints part of the Taking Sides reading and explain the
    author’s reasoning why they are arguing for those ideas. Be sure to use quotes and
    cite ideas from the Taking Sides reading to support the opposing position.
  4. The refutation of the opposing side. Why are the objections raised by the
    opposing side incorrect and/or not persuasive? Are their faults in their reasoning?
    Refute the counterarguments from the opposing position using at least two logical
    fallacies, identifying each fallacy used.
  5. A summary of your position paper. How has your position developed in this
    paper? Give a detailed and thorough account how your position has been
    developed and why it is persuasive in relation to the opposing side. What new
    questions or ideas have been raised from this paper that could be examined further
    in future work?
    Your paper will include these headings (corresponding with the grading rubric):
    Introduction
    My Position
    Opposing Position
    Refutation of Opposing Position
    Position Summary
    References
    Position Paper Grading Rubric:
    Less than Adequate Adequate Competent Exemplary
    Introduction 0-2 points 3-5 points 6-7 points 8-10 points
     Question or issue absent
     Importance not discussed
     No summary of the positions
    and points in the paper
     No definitions
     Question or issue unclear
     No reader engagement
     Briefly mentions own position
     Gives a few definitions
     Provides a clear, recognizable
    question/issue
     Engages reader interest somewhat
     Describes own position
     Defines most terms
     Introduces the question/issue and its
    importance
     Engages the reader’s interest (i.e., an
    interesting fact or statistic)
     Describes the yes and no positions
     Defines terms and explains ideas for an
    audience unfamiliar with this topic
    My Position 0-4 points 5-10 points 10-15 points 15-20 points
     No position or position is
    unclear
     Focuses on no ideas from
    Points/Counterpoints of the
    Taking sides reading
     No quoting/citing from the
    Taking Sides reading
     Position is basic and involves minimal
    critical thought
     Gives minimal description of one main
    idea from the Points/Counterpoints
     Mostly summarizes arguments from
    article
     Lacks logic or coherence
     Less than adequate quoting/citing from
    the Taking Sides reading
     Position is clearly stated
     Gives adequate description of two
    main ideas from the
    Points/Counterpoints that support your
    position
     Explains what the authors are arguing,
    but not why they are making those
    arguments (i.e., the author’s reasoning)
     Using text to support position, rather
    than merely summarizing the text
     Adequate quoting/citing from the
    Taking Sides reading
     Position is clearly stated
     Gives detailed and thorough description
    of two main ideas from the Points/
    Counterpoints that support your
    position
     Explains the author’s reasoning why
    they are arguing for those ideas
     Quotes and cites ideas thoroughly from
    the Taking Sides reading to support
    your position
     Defines terms and explains ideas for an
    audience unfamiliar with this topic
    Opposing
    Position
    0-4 points 5-10 points 10-15 points 15-20 points
     No position or position is
    unclear
     Focuses on no ideas from
    Points/Counterpoints of the
    Taking sides reading
     No quoting/citing from the
    Taking Sides reading

     Position is basic and involves minimal
    critical thought
     Gives minimal description of one main
    idea from the Points/Counterpoints
     Mostly summarizes arguments from
    article
     Lacks logic or coherence
     Less than adequate quoting/citing from
    the Taking Sides reading
     Position is clearly stated
     Gives adequate description of two
    main ideas from the
    Points/Counterpoints that support your
    position
     Explains what the authors are arguing,
    but not why they are making those
    arguments (i.e., the author’s reasoning)
     Using text to support position, rather
    than merely summarizing the text
     Adequate quoting/citing from the
    Taking Sides reading
     Position is clearly stated
     Gives detailed and thorough description
    of two main ideas from the Points/
    Counterpoints that support your
    position
     Explains the author’s reasoning why
    they are arguing for those ideas
     Quotes and cites ideas thoroughly from
    the Taking Sides reading to support
    your position
     Defines terms and explains ideas for an
    audience unfamiliar with this topic
    Refutation of
    Opposing
    Position
    0-2 points 3-5 points 6-7 points 8-10 points
     Unclear refutation of the
    opposing side
     Unclear use of logical
    fallacies
     Less than adequate use of
    critical thought in refutation
     Refutes one counterargument from the
    opposing position using at least one
    logical fallacy
     Refutation is basic and involves
    minimal critical thought
     Refutes most (more than one)
    counterarguments from the opposing
    position using at least one logical
    fallacy, identifying the fallacy used.
     Refutation demonstrates adequate
    critical thinking
     Refutes all (multiple) counterarguments
    from the opposing position using at
    least two logical fallacies, identifying
    each fallacy used.
     Refutation demonstrates sophisticated
    critical thinking
    Position
    Summary
    0-2 points 3 points 4 points 5 points
     Repeats introduction  Gives partial summary of how your
    position has been developed and why it
    is persuasive through presenting the
    opposing side and refutation
     Raises no new questions
     Gives brief summary of your position
    and how it has developed/has become
    more persuasive by presenting the
    opposing side and refutation
     Gives one new question or idea that
    has been raised from this essay
     Gives a detailed and thorough account
    how your position has been developed
    and why it is persuasive through
    presenting the opposing side and
    refutation
     Explains a new question or idea that
    has been raised from this essay that
    could be examined in further detail in
    future work
    Writing 0-2 points 3-5 points 6-7 points 8-10 points
     Almost no links between
    sections, paragraphs, and
    sentences
     Cannot follow reader logic
     Lacks coherence and clarity
     Many grammar errors that
    impede understanding
     No citations/references in
    either MLA or APA
     Writing using passive
    sentences
     No formatting
     Few links between sections,
    paragraphs, and sentences
     The reader has difficulty following
    written ideas step by step without
    having to make leaps
     Some wordiness
     Many grammar errors
     Few or incorrectly used MLA or APA
    citations
     Some formatting
     Missing some links between sections,
    paragraphs, and sentences
     The reader usually can follow written
    ideas step by step without having to
    make big leaps
     Occasionally wordy but coherent
     Usually proper grammar
     More active than passive sentences
     Use of most citations/references in
    either MLA or APA
     Formatted properly (12 pt font, Times
    or Times New Roman; 1-inch margins;
    8.5 x 11 paper)
     Link your sections, paragraphs, and
    sentences together with clear transitions
     The reader can follow written ideas
    step by step without having to make big
    leaps
     Coherent, clear, and grammatically
    correct
     More active than passive sentences
     Clarity (avoid wordiness)
     Use of citations/references in either
    MLA or APA
     Uses provided Headers in paper (e.g.,
    Introduction, My Position)
     Double-spaced with 12-point Times
    New Roman font and 1-inch margins