ADVANCED CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES
        General Guidelines for Writing  Essay #1
Bi variable relationship (Poverty and Domestic Violence )

DO  NOT PLAGIARIZE-Evidence of plagiarism will result in failure of the course. This is by far the most important piece of information I will provide all semester. I  strongly encourage you to be thorough with  your  proofreading and  annotation of your  essay  writing.

You must provide evidence of the following:
1. Adverse consequences of your topic to individuals and society. It would be helpful to consider that when researchers apply for funding to study a topic, that in order to get funding, they have to document many types of adverse consequences of the problem to individuals and society using peer-reviewed journal articles.  Be as specific as possible when you discuss adverse consequences-what person(s) are harmed and in what way(s), and how is society harmed?

2. Estimates of the extent of the problem. You need to provide evidence that the number of cases, or rate, of the problem is widespread and/or increasing. It would be helpful that the estimates are as recent as possible. You need to provide specific numbers and or rates (such as, with certain crimes, such as in the UCR, per 100,000 population). You need to say what time period(s) is covered by the data (for example, 2009) and the data source(s).

3. Limitations/weaknesses in the data (for example: measurement errors; questionable sampling procedures; quantitative v.  qualitative data, etc.)

You need to identify specific weaknesses in the data-for example, saying that the UCR is a limited measure alone without saying WHY it is limited is not acceptable. For example, you need to say that most crimes are not reported to the police, most crimes do not result in arrest (this will definitely vary by type of crime); that if there are multiple charges, only the most serious one gets reported, that reporting by law enforcement agencies to the FBI is voluntary. (if you discuss self-report data and/or victimization surveys, saying they are limited is not what I want—you need to provide reasons WHY).  Similarly, stating that there is a low response rate for a mail survey is not sufficient —you need to explain why there  is  a  difference  between  respondents  who  completed  the  survey  and  those  who  did  not.  Here, you  want  to  use  citations  from  research  methods  textbooks  (e.g.  the  Hagan  textbook  used  in  CRJU  302).

4. Make sure your paper is free of spelling and grammatical errors (use spell check and grammar check).  Once  again,  do  a  thorough  proofread  of  your  Essay #1  before  you  submit  it  and  you  will  be  able  to  correct  many  of  these  type  of  errors.

5. You need to have a reference list of your citations at the end of the paper. All of your citations should be in the text AND also in your reference list.    Your  Essay  must  be  written  using  the  APA  writing/citation  style.

6. Citations should be peer-reviewed journal articles, but can also include data from reports (such as the UCR) and textbooks on research methods. It would be helpful if most of your citations were peer-reviewed journal articles. You must have at least five (5) citations. Magazine articles or newspaper articles are NOT acceptable. If you are not sure if a citation is from a peer-reviewed journal article or not, please
ask  me  before  you  submit  your  Essay  for  grade.

7. Papers must be handed in on the day they are due. NO EXCEPTIONS unless there is a documented “Excused Absence”  (see syllabus).  Papers that are late without  proper  documentation  will  be  penalized  (-10)  points  each  day  until  the  Essay  is  submitted,  in  person  to  the  Instructor.

8. The first  Essay  should consist of the following sections:
a. Title page (e.g.  your  name;  CRJU 485.001; Semester;  and Essay #1)
    MAJOR  SECTIONS  SHOULD  BE  LABELED  AS  FOLLOWS –

I.    Adverse Consequences

II.  Estimates of the extent of the problem

III.  Limitations/weaknesses of the estimates of the problem

IV.  References  (e.g.,  In  APA  Format;  minimum  of  5  scholarly  references)
NOTE:  Hard Copies  of  your  5  or  more  references  are submitted  with  Essay #1.